Lent Period Special News
Lent is the Christian season of preparation before Easter.
In Western Christianity, Ash Wednesday marks the first day, or the start of the season of Lent, which begins 40 days prior to Easter (Sundays are not included in the count).
In Western Christianity, Ash Wednesday marks the first day, or the start of the season of Lent, which begins 40 days prior to Easter (Sundays are not included in the count).
Lent is a time when many Christians prepare for Easter by observing a period of fasting,repentance, moderation and spiritual discipline. The purpose is to set aside time for reflection on Jesus Christ - his suffering and his sacrifice, his life, death, burial and resurrection.
Not all Christian churches observe Lent. Lent is mostly observed by
the Lutheran,
Methodist,
Presbyterian
Anglican denominations
Roman Catholics.
Eastern Orthodox churches observe Lent or Great Lent, during the 6 weeks or 40 days preceding Palm Sunday with fasting continuing during the Holy Week of Orthodox Easter. Lent for Eastern Orthodox churches begins on Monday (called Clean Monday) and Ash Wednesday is not observed.
the Lutheran,
Methodist,
Presbyterian
Anglican denominations
Roman Catholics.
Eastern Orthodox churches observe Lent or Great Lent, during the 6 weeks or 40 days preceding Palm Sunday with fasting continuing during the Holy Week of Orthodox Easter. Lent for Eastern Orthodox churches begins on Monday (called Clean Monday) and Ash Wednesday is not observed.
The Bible does not mention the custom of Lent, however, the practice of repentance and mourning in ashes is found in 2 Samuel 13:19; Esther 4:1; Job 2:8; Daniel 9:3; and Matthew 11:21.
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Way of the Cross - Station 1
First station of the cross – Via Dolorosa - Jesus Trial
Jesus is brought to trial in front of the Roman Perfect, Pontius Pilates at the Pretorium, located at the Antonia Fortress. Today, this site is identified as the site of the school of Al-Omaria.
During his sentence,Jesus was asked by Pontius Pilates if he is ‘’the king of the Jews’’ and replied: “You ha ve said it”
(Mark 15, John 23).
Pontius, who had no basis for his accusation, attempted to transfer the trial to the governor of Galilee, Herod Antipas, since Jesus was originally from Galilee. Herod was unable to communicate with Jesus and returned him to Pontius (Luke 23).
Pontius suggested releasing either Jesus or a different prisoner awaiting for his trial, Bar Abba the Zealot, and the Jewish leaders decided to have Bar Abba released and Jesus crucified (Mark 15, Matthew 27).
Prior to his trial, Jesus was brought for a hearing before The Sanhedrin, the group of elders, who sent him to the Roman representative of the time, Pontius Pilates at the Antonia Fortress.
The Antonia Fortress was built on the ruins of a previous fortress named Barres by Herod the great, probably to commemorate his political patron Marcus Antonius. The historian of the time, Jospehus Flavius described the magnificent fortress in words: “The Temple controls the city, The Antonia controls the temple and ye who controls the Antonia, controls the three of them“.
The magnificent Antonia Fortress was destroyed by Titus’ soldiers during the destruction of the Temple Mount at the time of the great revolt in the year 70AD. The Jews were exiled to different provinces of the Roman Empire and the city of Jerusalem would change through the centuries. Different compounds were built on top of the Antonia Fortresses ruins, including the current ‘The Al- O’Maria’ school for boys.
The last, hardest path in the life of Jesus starts right here, where Jesus is condemned by Pilates at the Praetorium.
‘’They then led Jesus from the house of Caiaphas to the Praetorium’’ (John 18, 28).
Jesus is brought to trial in front of the Roman Perfect, Pontius Pilates at the Pretorium, located at the Antonia Fortress. Today, this site is identified as the site of the school of Al-Omaria.
During his sentence,Jesus was asked by Pontius Pilates if he is ‘’the king of the Jews’’ and replied: “You ha ve said it”
(Mark 15, John 23).
Pontius, who had no basis for his accusation, attempted to transfer the trial to the governor of Galilee, Herod Antipas, since Jesus was originally from Galilee. Herod was unable to communicate with Jesus and returned him to Pontius (Luke 23).
Pontius suggested releasing either Jesus or a different prisoner awaiting for his trial, Bar Abba the Zealot, and the Jewish leaders decided to have Bar Abba released and Jesus crucified (Mark 15, Matthew 27).
Prior to his trial, Jesus was brought for a hearing before The Sanhedrin, the group of elders, who sent him to the Roman representative of the time, Pontius Pilates at the Antonia Fortress.
The Antonia Fortress was built on the ruins of a previous fortress named Barres by Herod the great, probably to commemorate his political patron Marcus Antonius. The historian of the time, Jospehus Flavius described the magnificent fortress in words: “The Temple controls the city, The Antonia controls the temple and ye who controls the Antonia, controls the three of them“.
The magnificent Antonia Fortress was destroyed by Titus’ soldiers during the destruction of the Temple Mount at the time of the great revolt in the year 70AD. The Jews were exiled to different provinces of the Roman Empire and the city of Jerusalem would change through the centuries. Different compounds were built on top of the Antonia Fortresses ruins, including the current ‘The Al- O’Maria’ school for boys.
The last, hardest path in the life of Jesus starts right here, where Jesus is condemned by Pilates at the Praetorium.
‘’They then led Jesus from the house of Caiaphas to the Praetorium’’ (John 18, 28).
Way of the Cross - Station 2
Second station of the cross - Via Dolorosa – The Bearing of The Cross
The roman soldiers tortured Jesus, dressed him up and mocked him with a crown of thorns which
pierced his skin while calling him “King of the Jews” they then spat on him and bowed down before him (Mark 15, Matthew 27).
Two churches have been built at these sites to commemorate those events- the
Church of the Flagellation and the Church of Condemnation and Imposition of the Cross.
The Church of Flagellation is a reconstruction of an early shrine that was built in 1839. It was reconstructed during 1927-1929 and remained the church current structure until now. The architect of the church was Antonio Barluzzi.
The church includes three stained glass notable windows. The first window illustrates Pontius Pilates washing his hands. The second presents the flagellation and the third depicts the victory of Barabbas.
Located in the same Franciscan complex as the Church of Flagellation, the church of Condemnation marks the site where Jesus was given the Cross to bear through the city streets all the way up to Golgotha for crucifixion. It is part of the second station of the ‘Way of the Cross’.
The church was originally built in the Byzantine period but was converted into a mosque. It was restored and renovated in 1904 and has remained an important Roman Catholic church ever since. The floor of the chapel is covered with Lithostrotos, street pavement stones that prevented people from slipping as they walked.
Including an exclusive interview with Fr. Eugenio Alliata, professor of Christian Archaeology
SBF Archaeological Museum Director
The roman soldiers tortured Jesus, dressed him up and mocked him with a crown of thorns which
pierced his skin while calling him “King of the Jews” they then spat on him and bowed down before him (Mark 15, Matthew 27).
Two churches have been built at these sites to commemorate those events- the
Church of the Flagellation and the Church of Condemnation and Imposition of the Cross.
The Church of Flagellation is a reconstruction of an early shrine that was built in 1839. It was reconstructed during 1927-1929 and remained the church current structure until now. The architect of the church was Antonio Barluzzi.
The church includes three stained glass notable windows. The first window illustrates Pontius Pilates washing his hands. The second presents the flagellation and the third depicts the victory of Barabbas.
Located in the same Franciscan complex as the Church of Flagellation, the church of Condemnation marks the site where Jesus was given the Cross to bear through the city streets all the way up to Golgotha for crucifixion. It is part of the second station of the ‘Way of the Cross’.
The church was originally built in the Byzantine period but was converted into a mosque. It was restored and renovated in 1904 and has remained an important Roman Catholic church ever since. The floor of the chapel is covered with Lithostrotos, street pavement stones that prevented people from slipping as they walked.
Including an exclusive interview with Fr. Eugenio Alliata, professor of Christian Archaeology
SBF Archaeological Museum Director
Way of the Cross - Station 3
Station Three – Via Dolorosa - Jesus Falls for the First Time
At this point, Jesus falls for the first time under the weight of the cross. Marking the third station is an Armenian-Catholic Church.
It was built in the 15th century and was renovated in 1947 thanks to donations given by Polish soldiers stationed in mandatory Palestine during the Second World War.
This Church commemorates where it is believed Jesus fell for the first time under the weight of the Cross.
After his fall, Jesus is unable to stand on his feet and the legionnaires use their whips in order and force him to stand on his feet. Jesus continues.
Today, the site of this event is identified as the Hospice junction, where an Armenian- Catholic Church was built in 1947 with donations from Polish soldiers stationed in mandatory Palestine during the Second World War.
A stone relief over the church door depicts the event.
At this point, Jesus falls for the first time under the weight of the cross. Marking the third station is an Armenian-Catholic Church.
It was built in the 15th century and was renovated in 1947 thanks to donations given by Polish soldiers stationed in mandatory Palestine during the Second World War.
This Church commemorates where it is believed Jesus fell for the first time under the weight of the Cross.
After his fall, Jesus is unable to stand on his feet and the legionnaires use their whips in order and force him to stand on his feet. Jesus continues.
Today, the site of this event is identified as the Hospice junction, where an Armenian- Catholic Church was built in 1947 with donations from Polish soldiers stationed in mandatory Palestine during the Second World War.
A stone relief over the church door depicts the event.
Way of the Cross - Station 4
Station Four – Via Dolorosa - Jesus Meets his mother Mary
Mary was informed about what was about to happen to her son, Jesus. Even at the darkest hour, she found the strength to see her son. On the way to the Calvary, their eyes meet. Mary watches her condemned and humiliated son. This is one of the three stations associated with the imagery of feminism. An Armenian Catholic church called: ''Our Lady of Spasm’’ is located to commemorate this event.
The Church of Our Lady of the Spasm is located right by The Polish Church, behind the wall of the 4th station of the Via Dolorosa and commemorates the meeting of Jesus and his mother.
The Armenian Orthodox Church was built in 1881 and although small, inside a beautiful mosaic floor can be found with an outline of sandals which some believe mark the exact spot where Saint Mary stood as Jesus passed by carrying the cross.
This event is not recorded in the New Testament.
Including an exclusive interview with Bishop Joseph Kelekian
Mary was informed about what was about to happen to her son, Jesus. Even at the darkest hour, she found the strength to see her son. On the way to the Calvary, their eyes meet. Mary watches her condemned and humiliated son. This is one of the three stations associated with the imagery of feminism. An Armenian Catholic church called: ''Our Lady of Spasm’’ is located to commemorate this event.
The Church of Our Lady of the Spasm is located right by The Polish Church, behind the wall of the 4th station of the Via Dolorosa and commemorates the meeting of Jesus and his mother.
The Armenian Orthodox Church was built in 1881 and although small, inside a beautiful mosaic floor can be found with an outline of sandals which some believe mark the exact spot where Saint Mary stood as Jesus passed by carrying the cross.
This event is not recorded in the New Testament.
Including an exclusive interview with Bishop Joseph Kelekian
Way of the Cross - Station 5
Station Five – Via Dolorosa- Simon of Cyrene helps Jesus carry the cross
The roman soldiers seized a passerby, Simon of Cyrene, and ordered him to carry the cross and help Jesus. Today, the location of this event is identified as the junction of Via Dolorosa St. and Tyropoeon Valley St.
Simon's help afforded Jesus a momentary period of rest that allowed him to regain his composure for a few moments before the roman legionnaires came back with the cracking sounds of the whip cutting through the air compelling the condemned to continue their procession upwards.
Today, a small Franciscan - Catholic chapel commemorates the devotion of Simon of Cyrene.
On the right side of the Entrance to the Chapel is an ancient stone, said to carry the hand print of Jesus as he laid his hand there to support himself under the burden of the Cross.
The Chapel was built in 1229 and was the first Franciscan site to be built in the Holy City.
The roman soldiers seized a passerby, Simon of Cyrene, and ordered him to carry the cross and help Jesus. Today, the location of this event is identified as the junction of Via Dolorosa St. and Tyropoeon Valley St.
Simon's help afforded Jesus a momentary period of rest that allowed him to regain his composure for a few moments before the roman legionnaires came back with the cracking sounds of the whip cutting through the air compelling the condemned to continue their procession upwards.
Today, a small Franciscan - Catholic chapel commemorates the devotion of Simon of Cyrene.
On the right side of the Entrance to the Chapel is an ancient stone, said to carry the hand print of Jesus as he laid his hand there to support himself under the burden of the Cross.
The Chapel was built in 1229 and was the first Franciscan site to be built in the Holy City.
Way of the Cross - Station 6
Station Six – Via Dolorosa - Veronica Wipes The Face Of Jesus
The sixth station is marked by a small Greek Catholic chapel named ''The Holy Face''.
According to the legend, Saint Veronica met Jesus in Jerusalem, on his way to Calvary. She reached out for Jesus and wiped the sweat from his forehead gently with her veil.
Later on, she was astonished to see the face of Jesus imprinted on his veil.
The name Veronica is either based on the Latin words ''Vera'' + ''Icon'' or the Greek words ''Vera Icon'' (true image).
The sixth station is marked by a small Greek Catholic chapel named ''The Holy Face''.
According to the legend, Saint Veronica met Jesus in Jerusalem, on his way to Calvary. She reached out for Jesus and wiped the sweat from his forehead gently with her veil.
Later on, she was astonished to see the face of Jesus imprinted on his veil.
The name Veronica is either based on the Latin words ''Vera'' + ''Icon'' or the Greek words ''Vera Icon'' (true image).
Way of the Cross - Station 7
Station Seven – Via Dolorosa- Jesus Falls For The Second Time
The weight of the cross was hard to bear and Jesus fell for the second time. The site of this event is located at the Via Dolorosa and Khan al-Zeit st. Junction. It is in the market road of the city of Jerusalem. At the place of the fall, now stands a Franciscan Catholic church.
is a small chapel in the bustling Souq Khan as-Zeit St, a major market place of restaurants, hostels, sweets stalls and jewellery shops.
Including an exclusive interview with Dr. Jon Seligman - Head of excavations and surveys department, Israel Antiquities Authorities
The weight of the cross was hard to bear and Jesus fell for the second time. The site of this event is located at the Via Dolorosa and Khan al-Zeit st. Junction. It is in the market road of the city of Jerusalem. At the place of the fall, now stands a Franciscan Catholic church.
is a small chapel in the bustling Souq Khan as-Zeit St, a major market place of restaurants, hostels, sweets stalls and jewellery shops.
Including an exclusive interview with Dr. Jon Seligman - Head of excavations and surveys department, Israel Antiquities Authorities
Way of the Cross - Station 8
Station Eight – Via Dolorosa - Jesus and the Women of Jerusalem
According to tradition, Jesus encountered the women of Jerusalem mourning over him.
He turned to them and said: “Daughters of Jerusalem, Weep not over me, but for yourselves weep and for your children” (Luke 23:28).
The site of this event is identified as the eastern part of Hanaka St.
The station is marked by a round stone embedded in the wall bearing the inscription: “Jesus Christ conquers”(IC XC NIKA).
The eighth station of the cross is located near the Greek Orthodox Monastery of Saint Charalambos and on its outer wall carved a small cross.
According to tradition, Jesus encountered the women of Jerusalem mourning over him.
He turned to them and said: “Daughters of Jerusalem, Weep not over me, but for yourselves weep and for your children” (Luke 23:28).
The site of this event is identified as the eastern part of Hanaka St.
The station is marked by a round stone embedded in the wall bearing the inscription: “Jesus Christ conquers”(IC XC NIKA).
The eighth station of the cross is located near the Greek Orthodox Monastery of Saint Charalambos and on its outer wall carved a small cross.
Way of the Cross - Station 9
Station Nine – Via Dolorosa - Jesus Falls For The Third Time
Almost at the end of his journey, Jesus stumbles and falls for the third time.
The site of this event is identified near the entrance to the Coptic “Queen Helena” church and the Coptic patriarchy, near the Dir. al Sultan rooftop.
The ninth station of the cross is marked by a pillar. This is where Jesus fell for the third time under the heavy weight of the cross.
Adjacent to the church of the Holy Sepulchre, the Coptic Patriarchate Church marks the 9th station of the Way of the Cross, where it is believed Jesus had collapsed for the third time on his way to the nearby Calvary.
This is also the center for the Coptic Patriarchy in Israel which officially began in 1236 with the appointment of a Coptic Patriarch in Jerusalem.
The Coptic Patriarchate includes only several thousand members in Israel, as opposed to over 9 million residing in Egypt.
The following stations are located in the church of the Holy Sepulchre.
Almost at the end of his journey, Jesus stumbles and falls for the third time.
The site of this event is identified near the entrance to the Coptic “Queen Helena” church and the Coptic patriarchy, near the Dir. al Sultan rooftop.
The ninth station of the cross is marked by a pillar. This is where Jesus fell for the third time under the heavy weight of the cross.
Adjacent to the church of the Holy Sepulchre, the Coptic Patriarchate Church marks the 9th station of the Way of the Cross, where it is believed Jesus had collapsed for the third time on his way to the nearby Calvary.
This is also the center for the Coptic Patriarchy in Israel which officially began in 1236 with the appointment of a Coptic Patriarch in Jerusalem.
The Coptic Patriarchate includes only several thousand members in Israel, as opposed to over 9 million residing in Egypt.
The following stations are located in the church of the Holy Sepulchre.
Way of the Cross - Station 10
Station Ten – Via Dolorosa - Jesus is stripped of his garments
Prior to his crucifixion, Jesus was stripped of his garments.
The site of this event is identified within the Church of the Holy Sepulchre’s courtyard, at the east of the Church’s entrance, right at the bottom of Chapel of the Franks.
On the crusader façade of the church of the Holy Sepulchre stretches a stairway that reaches an exterior elevated chapel, traditionally marking the tenth station of the cross.
In this place, which was the bottom of the quarry, a roaring crowd of people stood and wait to watch the convicts’ last breath. Jesus was stripped from his clothes and put on display.
The humility of Jesus was beyond compare and yet even the sight of the Golgotha, the clear end of his journey, couldn't break his spirit.
Prior to his crucifixion, Jesus was stripped of his garments.
The site of this event is identified within the Church of the Holy Sepulchre’s courtyard, at the east of the Church’s entrance, right at the bottom of Chapel of the Franks.
On the crusader façade of the church of the Holy Sepulchre stretches a stairway that reaches an exterior elevated chapel, traditionally marking the tenth station of the cross.
In this place, which was the bottom of the quarry, a roaring crowd of people stood and wait to watch the convicts’ last breath. Jesus was stripped from his clothes and put on display.
The humility of Jesus was beyond compare and yet even the sight of the Golgotha, the clear end of his journey, couldn't break his spirit.
Station Eleven – Via Dolorosa - Jesus is Nailed To The Cross
Jesus was taken up to Golgotha, where his hands were nailed to the cross. This station is located on the hill of Golgotha, at The Calvary, inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. The main mosaic at this station depicts Jesus nailed to the cross with Mother Mary and Maria Magdalene standing beside her.
Jesus was taken up to Golgotha, where his hands were nailed to the cross. This station is located on the hill of Golgotha, at The Calvary, inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. The main mosaic at this station depicts Jesus nailed to the cross with Mother Mary and Maria Magdalene standing beside her.
Way of the Cross - Station 12
Station Twelve – Via Dolorosa - Jesus Dies On the Cross
According to tradition, at his last breath, Jesus looked to the sky and said: ‘’forgive them, father, for they know not what they do’’ (Luke 23, 34). Afterwards, Jesus is crucified and dies on the cross. Tradition tells that Adam was buried underneath the rock of Golgotha and that Jesus’ blood dripped onto Adam’s skull, therefore absolving humanity of all its sins including Adam’s original sin. This site is identified as the altar of crucifixion at the church of the Holy Sepulchre.
According to tradition, at his last breath, Jesus looked to the sky and said: ‘’forgive them, father, for they know not what they do’’ (Luke 23, 34). Afterwards, Jesus is crucified and dies on the cross. Tradition tells that Adam was buried underneath the rock of Golgotha and that Jesus’ blood dripped onto Adam’s skull, therefore absolving humanity of all its sins including Adam’s original sin. This site is identified as the altar of crucifixion at the church of the Holy Sepulchre.
Way of the Cross - Station 13
Station Thirteen – Via Dolorosa - Jesus is taken down From the Cross
After uttering his last words “My God, My God, Why have you forsaken me?” Jesus’ soul departed from his body, and his body was taken down from the cross and placed in the hands of his mother. The Thirteenth Station is commemorated inside the church of The Holy Sepulchre at the Latin altar of ‘’Our Lady of Sorrows’’.
After uttering his last words “My God, My God, Why have you forsaken me?” Jesus’ soul departed from his body, and his body was taken down from the cross and placed in the hands of his mother. The Thirteenth Station is commemorated inside the church of The Holy Sepulchre at the Latin altar of ‘’Our Lady of Sorrows’’.
Way of the Cross - Station 14
Station Fourteen – Via Dolorosa - Jesus is Laid in The Tomb
By the late hours of Friday night, Jesus was removed from the cross. The Sabbath was getting closer and soon it will be forbidden to bury the body. A man by the name of Joseph of Arimathea offers Mother Mary to use his own tomb. Jesus is taken to the tomb. Jesus’ body was anointed with oil, embalmed, dressed in burial shrouds and prepared for burial.
According to tradition, three days after his burial, Mary, Jesus’ mother and Mary Magdalene returned to the tomb on Sunday in order to arrange for a more permanent tomb. To their astonishment, both women found out that the body of Jesus has disappeared. It was an angel who told them of Jesus miraculous resurrection. The Tomb of Jesus is located at the church of the Holy Sepluchre in the center of a round hall, inside a rectangular structure known as the Edicule.
By the late hours of Friday night, Jesus was removed from the cross. The Sabbath was getting closer and soon it will be forbidden to bury the body. A man by the name of Joseph of Arimathea offers Mother Mary to use his own tomb. Jesus is taken to the tomb. Jesus’ body was anointed with oil, embalmed, dressed in burial shrouds and prepared for burial.
According to tradition, three days after his burial, Mary, Jesus’ mother and Mary Magdalene returned to the tomb on Sunday in order to arrange for a more permanent tomb. To their astonishment, both women found out that the body of Jesus has disappeared. It was an angel who told them of Jesus miraculous resurrection. The Tomb of Jesus is located at the church of the Holy Sepluchre in the center of a round hall, inside a rectangular structure known as the Edicule.
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An exclusive interview with Fr. Isidoros Fakitsas , Superior of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate at the Church of Holy Sepulchre
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An exclusive interview with Mr. Wajeeh Yacoub Nuseibeh, the Door Keeper of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem
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